, (1944-1953).
1. ,
, , . , 1930- . . , , , . . , , , "" , . , , - . (1944-1953). , , .
. , , "" . , . , " ". . , .
, . : 1943-1948 1948-1953 . . . , , 1948 . , ( , , ) , , ; "" ; " ", 1948 . . . , : , , , , . "" . . , 1948 . . , .
1940- . . , "" , 1940- 1950- . , , . 1948 . , , .
, 5 . , - , .
1948 . , . , " ", . , ( 1948) . - " ", 1930- ., " " 1940- .
2.
, , . , , .. . 1991-1992 . , 1943-1953 ., .[1] , , , - . .. " . XX ", . 1980- . . , , , 1943 . () -, , .. . , " " - , , , .[2]
, , .. , .[3] , . , .. , .. .. . .. " " , . .. .[4] .. , , , , 1941-1961 .[5] .. .[6]
XX . . , , . , 1943 . 15 , .[7]
(). , 1953 . - , ( ""). 1948 ., 1950- . . .[8]
. , 1920-1930- . , , . 1943 . , 1945 ., . (), .
. , () 1940- .[9] .. , 1941-1953 .[10] , , . .. .[11] , - . , .
1944-1953 . : , .-. , .. .[12] 1950-1970- . , . , 1939-1941 ., 1945-1948 . . " " 1945 ., 1943 ., " ". . . . , " " .[13]
, .[14] , , , , . . "" . , , . , , 1950- . . . . .
, , . , , 1980-1990- . . , , , , , . . , , , , " ".[15] . .
3. 1940- .
(, , ) - () . 1944-1948 . 1930- . II . 1943 ., . , , , " " .. , .
: , , , . ; , , , , , . . . 1943 ., , , . , .
31 1945 . . 1918 . , , , , , . 204 . , , , . (), 4 1945 .
1940- . . ( 1935-1936 .) . . . - , . 1942 . , , : , , , , .
. 1943 . ( ) .. . , , , . , . , , " ". , . .
1943 . " " 1943 1948 . , . . : 1) ; 2) - " "; 3) ; 4) .
1945 . 15 . 20 285 , .[16] , , - , , . . , , , , " ".
4. 1944-1953 .
9 1944 . , , . 15 , 28 1944 . , . 9 . . , , I . , . , . .
, , . , , ( , 1920 . ). , . .
9 "" , , , . , " , ", , , ".[17] " " . " ", . . , .[18]
16 . , , . , . 5 1944 . . , " ". " ", , , " ". . .[19] , 1917 .
, . 24 , " , , ".[20] 20 , III .. , 1 . , , .[21] (26 1945 .) , 1948 . . 50 . .[22]
. 14 . - , " 9 ", " ", . - " " .[23] 17 . " " "".
, , . . , , . , . . . 21 1944 . . 1- . : " . , , ".[24]
, . , 18 1944 . . , : " . , ".[25]
9 , , , , II . 12 1944 . , 2 . , 200 . , 1 . , (15 . ). , 5365 . . : . . , 14 500 . .[26] 18 1 . . 1945 . " ", 15 . .[27] .
18 1944 . . , . , . 25 . : " , [ ], ".[28] 21 1945 . . 30- . 21 .[29]
, 1872 . 1944 1945 . , ( , ), : , ( ). ( ), . , , . , - , .[30]
30 1944 . . , , , . 21 .[31]
22 . , , , ; , , . , , , . , , , - . ( , .. ).[32] 22 , " " . 1944 . , , " ".[33]
21 1945 . . . . . , 1934 ., .
1945 . - ( ). , , III, , " " , .[34]
, , . 9 II, , , . . , , , . . , . 20 .
. , 20 , . . 22 , , ( ), , : 1872 ., . - , .[35] .
. 6 1945 . , (). , : " , ".[36] , . 23 , .
: " , , , , . , , . , , . ... ... , ""... "" (. . ), ... , ( ), , . ".[37]
5 III .. : " . , . , , ".[38] 10 . . , . .
(28 ) . 27 1945 . 6 . . . , " ".[39]
. .. , , , . . : " ".[40] 19 : "... -, ".[41] , .
. , . . . , , " ", , , .[42] , .
. , . 7 1945 . , , , . . . . 30 1945 . : " , , , , ". . 13 1945 .: " . , ... , ".[43] , , .
. 7 1945 . , : . , 28-30 , . 3-6 , .[44] , . 1945 ., .
1946 . 1000- . , ( ). , - . , .[45] 1946 . ().
, , , . . ( 1946 . 94 % , II ), , , 4 1946 . .[46]
, . . , , . 1947 . , , , . 1947 . , .[47] , .
, ( ) 1944 1945 . 158 , 152 , 13 . , 45 , 25 4 .[48] 1945 . , . , , XX .[49]
. 20 1946 . .. . , , " - ... ".[50]
1948 . . , . , , , . , .[51] , . 8 1948 . . , 10 .[52] . .
, , , 12 .[53] , , . . 25 1948 . . , . . 25 . .[54] , 14 1957 .
. , , 1950- . . , 1950 . . , . . 1953 . , 21 3. , 1948-1949 . , , .[55] 120 600 , .[56]
, , (), "" . 24 1949 . " ", 6 1950 . , .[57] , . 23 1951 . - .[58]
1953 . III , , 10 . 1954 . .[59] , ( 1961 . ).
4. 1944-1953 .
( ). 27 1944 . . - 23 1944 . - . . . , . . " " .[60]
30 1944 . , 12 . , . 12 - . 6 1945 . . 19 1946 . , 30 1947 . , .[61]
, . . 31 2 1945 . . "" .[62] 12 , . 1945 1946 . (). 1946 . .[63] . 16-17 1945 . - () .
. 1945 . " " " , , , , , ".[64]
1946 . , , . .. , " , , . 1947 . ".[65]
- . () 1946 . . , : " , , , , ".[66] . " ", 23 1946 . ().[67]
- 1947 ., . 1 : " , ". . . 1947 . . , 21 1948 . .[68]
27 1948 . 24 (). 1949 . , 1966 . . 5 1948 . (). 9 , , , , . , , . 29 1948 . , .[69]
() 1948 . . 1948 . , , . 1950 . , , - , . 23 1951 . - .[70] .
1948 . - () , 1697 . ; 1948 . 1700 , 700 , 6 1250 . . " " : "36 2 , 423 , 1 . , , . . () , ". [71]
21 -. 1 1948 . - . 29 30 6 - , 5 , - 1964 . , , 1971 . ( , 1989 . ).
1948 . , ( ), , . 1950 . . .[72]
, . 1940- . , , , . , , , , . 1944 . , - , . : , , , . , 1964 . , 20 ( , , , .).
- , , . " " , , , , .[73] , - .
6.
( ). 1945 . , 6 , " " .[74] 2 1945 ., 13 .. .. , : " , . - ".[75] , - ( ). , , , . .
. 15 1945 . . , " - ... : ) . ... ) ... ) , ".[76] . , 28 1945 . , , , . , , , , . .
- "". - () . , , 1945 . . , . 8-10 1946 . "" - 1596 . (), 1- , .[77]
"" . . 14 1947 . . : ") ; ) ... ) , ".[78] - , .
() 1 1947 . , ( ) .[79] . " ", , " " " , ".
, ( ), : , , , , , , ( , , , ). 1947 . , . ( 1945 .).[80] , ( ).
7.
, , () , " " . , . 1943 . . , 31 2 1945 ., . , . , (, ) , , 1945 . .[81] 1945 . ().
, 1920- 30- . . , , 6 1945 . . 7 () 75 - . 29 , , . , , , .
- () , . 4 1945 . , -, . , , , .[82] .
14 1946 . I 20 . V . , ( ) . 8 1946 . , 17 . .[83]
" ", . . , .
, " " . 1946 . " " " " , : " , ...".[84] 1946 . () . , , . , .
. 13 1947 . .. 1-10 , . -, -, . 23 , , "" . 1947 . , , , , ; , , , , .[85]
1947 . , 1948 . " ".[86] V, 1946 . 50 . , ().[87] , , , , . . , , ( ) , . . 4 1947 . I , " , , , , - ".
. 1947 . . , , . . , 29 1947 . : " , , ".[88] , . , .
. 1948 . 500- . , .[89] , " " .. , : " , "" , "" , , , ".[90]
1948 . , , , , - . , , . " " - , .
, 500- . , 8-10 1948 . . , . 11 13. , , . . , ( ).[91]
. , , , , . , 19 ; , . .. " , ". . , , " " , , " ".[92]
15 , ; . , , , " ". . . (), . . .[93]
, . . , , , , ( ) .[94] . .[95] . , , : " . ".[96]
. " ", " ", " " , " ".[97]
. . , " . - ". . " , , , ". 100 . ( 1 . ) 150 , .[98] - .[99]
, . , . - , . , , .[100] .
1948 . . "" . , , , , . "" , . " " . . - . , . " ", , .
"". 1948 . (). , , , " " .[101]
18 1948 . " " V. , , . . , , "", , . , 1950- ., , , .[102] 1965 . , , : "H , ".[103]
1 1948 . - (), . 27 1949 . .[104] ( 7 1972 .) . , -. " , ".[105]
" ". 22 1948 . ( 1924 . ). , ( ), 3 1950 . .
23 1951 . ( ). , , , ( 8 1998 .). , , . , 1957 . .
6 1952 . . - .[106] , 1950- 1960- . 1954 . 50- III 1948 . .[107] 1950- .
, , , , 1943 1948 . . , , , , . " ", , - . , " ". , . , " " . , . . , . 1940- 1950- . , .
[1] .. . ., 1991; . " " ? ., 1992.
[2] .. . XX . ., 1994. . 106, 128-129.
[3] .. . ., 1994.
[4] .. // , 1993. 2. . 30-52; . . // . 1989. 2. . 10-11; .. // . 1995. 6. . 14-16; .. (1940-1950- ) // . . 2003. 6. . 81-92.
[5] .. , , . 1941-1961 . ., 1999.
[6] .. : . ., 2005.
[7] , . 1917-1990. ., 1994; . . 1917-1997. ., 1997.
[8] (), . . . ., 1995. . 312, 323-326.
[9] . . , 1948; (), . .
[10] Alexeev W. Russian orthodox bishops in Soviet Union, 1941-1953. New York. Research program on the USSR: Mimeographed series. 61. 1954.
[11] . . , 1956; . ; . . (), 1973; .. . , 1958.
[12] . " " (1944-1953). , 2002; .-. . . , 2005; .. // . . 3. ., 1999. . 193-214.
[13] Fletcher W. Religion and soviet foreign policy, 1945-1970. London, 1973; Fletcher W. Portrait of the most praised and vilified of modern churchmen Metropolitan Nikolai of the Russian Orthodox Church and of the dilemma the faces as religions leader in a militantly secular soviety Nikolai. London, 1968; Lowrie D., Fletcher W. Khrushchev's religious policy 1959-1964 // Aspects of religion in the Soviet Union 1917-1967. Chicago, 1971. P. 131-155.
[14] Struve N. Les chretiens en URSS. Paris, 1963; Spinca M. The Church in Soviet Russia. New York, 1956; Kolarz W. Religion in the Soviet Union. London, 1961.
[15] Pospielovsky D. The Russian Church under the Soviet Regime, 1917-1982. New York, 1984. P. 425; .. XX . ., 1995.
[16] (), . 6991, . 1, . 130, . 552; - (), . 17, . 125, . 407, . 23.
[17] . . . . 77, 205.
[18] . . 9.09.1945.
[19] . . . . 40-41.
[20] , . 6991, . 1, . 16, . 11, 125-148.
[21] (), . 791, . 2, . . 163, . 68.
[22] , . 1, . . 178, . 2, . . 34, . 19-20.
[23] , . 1, . . 114, . 7-9.
[24] . . . . 59
[25] . . 61.
[26] , . 791, . 1, . . 72, . 157, 160..
[27] , . . 170, . 2-3.
[28] . . . . 43.
[29] . . 44.
[30] .. . . . 196.
[31] . . . . 41, 48.
[32] , . 17, . 125, . 407, . 14.
[33] . . . . 48; (). . 1976. 8. . 50.
[34] .: . - // . 1976. 8.
[35] , . 246, . 4, . . 158, . 1-2; . . . . 49.
[36] , . 6991, . 1, . 65, . 280; . 1945. 5. . 19.
[37] , . 6991, . 1, . 16, . 88-89; .. . . . 86-87.
[38] , . 791, . 2, . . 34, . 30.
[39] . 1945. 9. . 29-30.
[40] , . 17, . 125, . 407, . 13.
[41] , . 791, . 2, . . 170, . 38.
[42] . . . . 62-63.
[43] . . 64.
[44] . . 65-66; .. . . . 205.
[45] .-. . . . 181.
[46] .. . . . 203.
[47] .-. . . . 182.
[48] . . . . 182-183.
[49] , . 791, . 2, . . 238, . 1.
[50] , . . 170, . 49-50.
[51] 15 2007 . .
[52] .. . . . 212.
[53] . . , 1997. . 627.
[54] .. . . . 212.
[55] . . . . 193-198, 336; , . 791, . 2, . . 271-272.
[56] .-. . . . 178.
[57] , . 791, . 2, . . 62, . 1-4, . . 65, . 1-57.
[58] . 1951. 8.
[59] . , , . . 183-184.
[60] - ( ), . 9324, . 1, . 5, . 38-38.
[61] .. I . 1943-1944 // . 2005. 3. . 85.
[62] . . 1945. 18, 21 .
[63] , . 6991, . 7, . 107, . 24.
[64] , . 8, . 6, . 10, . 957, . 1.
[65] , . 17, . 125, . 407, . 91-92.
[66] , . 31.
[67] , . 506, . 102.
[68] . ., 2005. . 197.
[69] , . 6991, . 7, . 42, . 38-39.
[70] . 1951. 8.
[71] . 1949. 1.
[72] .. . . 1. . 228-229.
[73] .
[74] . 1945. 2. . 17.
[75] " " / . .. // . 1994. 3. . 93.
[76] .. . 1939-1954 // . 1990. 8. . 21.
[77] , . 17, . 125, . 313, . 29-48.
[78] , . 407, . 36-37.
[79] , . 506, . 13-14.
[80] , . 313, . 14-16; " ". . 96.
[81] . . . ., 1946. . 13.
[82] .. ( - ) // - . 1999. 4-5. . 239.
[83] .. XX . . 231-232.
[84] . 1946. 9. . 56.
[85] , . 9324, . 2, . 17, . 3-4; , . 6991, . 2, . 65, . 1-4.
[86] , . 17, . 125, . 407, . 34.
[87] .
[88] , . 6991, . 2, . 16, . 57.
[89] .. " " ? . 193.
[90] . 1947. 12. . 35.
[91] , . 17, . 8, . 407, . 100-103.
[92] , . 30.
[93] , . 25.
[94] , . 132, . 8, . 47.
[95] , . 102.
[96] .. . . . 208.
[97] , . 17, . 125, . 407, . 104-105.
[98] , . 132, . 8, . 36, 41.
[99] . , , . ., 1958. . 184.
[100] , . 17, . 132, . 8, . 108.
[101] . 1902-1998. ., 2000. . 308; The Moscow Patriarchate and the First Assembly of the World Council of Churches. The Ecumenical Review. 1949. 12. Winter. P. 188-189, 219.
[102] Patric, pere. La persecution des moines du Mont Athos par le Patriarchat de Constantinople. Paris, 1992. P. 24.
[103] Hagios Agathangelos. Juli-August 1993. 138.
[104] , . 17, . 32, . 111, . 212.
[105] Patric, pere. Op. cit. P.24.
[106] Macris G.P. The Orthodox Church and the Ecumenical Movement During the Period 1920-1969. St. Nectarios Press, 1986. P. 9.
[107] . , , . . 172.
: .