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, , , . [2] [3] , , "" ( ""); - [4]. - "" , . , 1966 . [5].
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(.3) "", "", , . , , , , . , .3.a.
, ˸, , , . , "", , , " " (Eclogae propheticae) , , , , .
(.4) " " , (" ", Excerpta ex Theodoto).
, , , "", " " " ", , .
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, - ( ) , , . , , , , - , [8] , ( ) . - , , ; , "" [9].
A. " " ?
" - ", , [10], , , . , "[ II .] , [], [] []"[11], , , , , " [] "[12] [13], [14].
II . , "-" [15], [16]. , , , " "[17]. , " ". , , ( , )[18]. "", "" [19] , [20]. , , γvῶσις, , , [21]; , , , , , ""[22].
γvωστικός , , . , , , [23], - , , , [24]. , "", , , [25].
, " " "" " ", , " "" "", " ", "" (), ... ... "", "[26]. , γvωστικoί, , , [27] - . , "" [28], [29]. , ( , , ˸)[30], , ("", )[31]. [32], "" [33] ( - ) [34] , , [35]. , , " "[36]:
, , , , , . , , , [] ...[37]
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, ..., . . , , [38].
, ; , , , , , , , " " (Evangelium Veritatis, EV), . , , :
/29.5/ /6/ , . /7/ /8/ , /9/ /10/ /11/ : /12/ , /13/ , /14/ - -; /15/ -, ; /16-17/ , /18/ /19/ , . /20/ , - /21/ , /22/ ; /23/ , /24/ /25/ . /26/ , /27/ , , /28/ /29/ , /30/ , /31/ /32/ . /33/ /34/ , /35/ , /36/ -, /37/ /30.1/ (?) /2/ - , /3/, /4/ , () /5/ /6/ . /7/ , , , /8/ /9/ ; /10/ /11/ , /12/ . /13/ , /14/ , /15/ /16/ ![39]
. -, , , ""[40]. -, , , , [41] [42], , , EV [43].
EV , , , , , , , , ""[44]:
/30:16/ /17/ , /18/ /19/ (τοῦ ἐγείρειv) [45]. /20/ , /21/ , /22/ , /23/ .
, : , () , ( ) (EV 30:14-17) , , . , "" . , , [46], , " ", , , [47]. , , , EV [48], (.. ) . , EV 30.6-23 [49].
, . , " " ", "[50]:
"- " ... " " [EV 30.8-9], ... , ... , " ", , [, ,] , , , [51].
, , " ", , [52], , . , , , 10:34 10:35 , :
. , . , , : " , ". . , , , , . , , . , , , . , , , . , , . , , . , . , , [53].
, , , , . M. 10:50. (, , , )[54] , , . " " EV 30.15-16 , , , "", 30.14 , . , , , , . 9:7, [55].
, EV "" [56].
[1] , .
[2] Baur F. Der christliche Gnosis: oder, Die christliche Religionsphilosophie in ihrer geschichtliche Entwicklung. Tübingen: Osiander, 1835.
[3] "" , , ("").
[4] (. , . 197); , , , , " " , .
[5] ( , , .: Chadwick H. Early Christian Thought and the Classical Tradition. New York: Oxford University Press, 1966. . 31-65) , "". , : , , . . "" (. , . 22). , , , , , "", , . "", , ; " . ... , , , ; , ... , ... , " (Lilla. . . . 173; . ..).
[6] .: Lilla. . . . 173, . . .
[7] . , , , II (, ). , , -, "", . , , , , . - "" " , , " ( , ., Daley. . . . 25).
[8] , "" (Poimandres) (, , II . [., .: Dodd C.H. The Interpretation of the Fourth Gospel. Cambridge: University Press, 1960. P. 12, . 2]), (. , . 209).
[9] . (, . 11).
[10] Aland B. Gnosis und Christentum // The Rediscovery of Gnosticism: Proceedings of the International Conference on Gnosticism at Yale New Haven, Connecticut, March 28-31, 1978. Ed. B.Layton. Vol.1. Leiden: Brill, 1980. P. 319-42, 319.
[11] Pearson B. The Problem of Jewish Gnostic' Literature // Nag Hammadi, Gnosticism, & Early Christianity. Eds. Ch. Hedrick and R.Hodgson, Jr. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1986. C. 18. , , (Dawson D. Allegorical Readers and Cultural Revision in Ancient Alexandria. Berkeley: University of California, 1992. P. 131-3.
[12] Holzhausen J. Der "Mythos vom Menschen" im hellenistischen Ägypten: Eine Studie zum "Poimandres" (=CH I), zu Valentin und dem gnostischen Mythos. Bodenheim: Athenäum, 1994. S. 230.
[13] . , . 3.
[14] , , XIX . ; , , (. .) . (Bousset W. Hauptprobleme der Gnosis. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1907), , , ( " ") "" " , ", "" II III . (Rudolph K. Gnosis' and Gnosticism' the Problems of their Definition and their Relation to the Writings of the New Testament // The New Testament and Gnosis: essays in honor of Robert Mc. L.Wilson. ds. A. Logan and A.Wedderburn. Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark, 1983. P. 21-37, 21-3).
[15] " "- " ... , , " (catholic)" [], """ (Smith M. The History of the Term Gnostikos // The Rediscovery of Gnosticism: Proceedings of the International Conference on Gnosticism at Yale New Haven, Connecticut, March 28-31, 1978. d. B.Layton. Vol. 2. Leiden: Brill, 1981. P. 796-807, 797).
[16] , "", (., ., Did. 9:3), ( "") "" . , (. ) """ " (Dawson. Allegorical Readers... P. 231). . , . , " , , " (Balthasar H. von. Présence et pensée: essai sur la philosophie religieuse de Grégoire de Nysse. Paris: Beauchesne, 1988. P. 90). . (, . 22).
[17] Méhat A. "Vraie" et "fausse" gnose d'après Clément d'Alexandrie // The Rediscovery of Gnosticism: Proceedings of the International Conference on Gnosticism at Yale New Haven, Connecticut, March 28-31, 1978. d. B.Layton. Vol. 1. Leiden: Brill, 1980. P. 426-33, 427. , , " , . , " ( ). , "", (. , . 4 ), , .
[18] , " ", " ", .
[19] " ismos , , izein (Christianismos ). , . "", "", 1750 . ... "" XVI ..." (Rudolph. "Gnosis" and "Gnosticism"... P. 26).
[20] " " " (Adversus haereses) , , , : "" (. agnitio); , , XVIII . """ ( ). , , , , " ", , , " ", 150 . .. " , , , ( ) " (Layton B. The Significance of Basilides in Ancient Christian Thought // Representations. 28. 1989. P. 135-51, 151-152). (Le Boulluec A. La notion d'hérésie dans la littérature grecque IIe-IIIe siècles. Vol. 1 Paris: Etudes augustiniennes, 1985), "" (. 1 Cor. 11:19).
[21] , "" : " (γvῶσις) (τελειότης) ..." (In Metaphysica commentaria 1.4, ed. M.Hayduck).
[22] . , " , , ", "" () 50 . .. " " (Harnack. History... Vol. 1. . 143). . : " , , " ( ., . . ., -, 1993. . 55). , , " , "" ... "" ..." (Harnack. Expansion... P. 112-113). , " "", " (Bouyer L. Gnosis: le sens orthodoxe de l'expression jusqu'aux Pères alexandrins // Journal of Theological Studies. 4. 1953. P. 188-203, 203). , : " . , " (Floyd W. E. G. Clement of Alexandria's Treatment of the Problem of Evil. Oxford: University Press, 1971. P. XX).
[23] , " , """ (Smith. History... P. 801 Cels. 5.61-62). , , , " " (Smith. History... P. 797, 801). "" , , , , . , , , , , "" (., ., Paed. 1.52.2).
[24] Adv. Haer. 1.11.1, (Smith. History... P. 804), ", , . [1.11.5]... , , !". γvωστικoί : 1.11.5 ( ... ), 1.11.1 , , ( "") , , (SC 263, 299-300). , . , ( , 283), """ , I.11.1", Adv. Haer. 1.23.4 " ", ("vocati Simoniani, a quibus falsi nominis scientia accepit initia" , ). , , 1.29.1, "". , , , , , , 1.11.1.
[25] " , , - ""; , " "; , "", "" "" " (Smith. History.... . 798).
[26] Rudolph. "Gnosis" and "Gnosticism"... P. 28.
[27] """ "" ... , , , ("") "" [ ""], [] , "" "", " (Rudolph K. Gnosis. Trans. from the 1980 German ed. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1983. P. 2).
[28] , "" ( , ) . ., , Chadwick. Early Christian Thought... P. 31-65. , , "", (, ) . ; .: Francis J. Subversive Virtue: Asceticism and Authourity in the Second-Century Pagan World. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995. P. 176-8, : St. Vladimir's Theological Quarterly. 42. 1998. P. 99-102.
[29] "" , ; , , , " " , (., Grant R. M. Gnosticism: A Source Book of Heretical Writings from the Early Christian Period. New York: Harper, 1961). " ", , " ... , " (Layton B. Gnostic Scriptures. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1987. P. 417), , , , 1989 .; , " "" ( )": " , , , Adversus haereses (" "), """ (Layton. Significance... P. 149, . 17).
[30] Langerbeck H. Aufsätze zur Gnosis. Ed. H. Dörries. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1967 ( ); Mühlenberg E. Wirklichkeitserfahrung und Theologie bei dem Gnostiker Basilides // Kerygma und Dogma. 18. 1972. S. 181-75; Aland B. Erwählungstheologie und Menschenklassenlehre: Die Theologie des Herakleon als Schlüssel zum Verständnis der Christlichen Gnosis? // Gnosis and Gnosticism: Papers read at the Seventh International Conference on Patristic Studies (Oxford, September 8th-13th, 1975). Ed. M.Krause. Leiden: Brill, 1977. P. 148-81 ( ); Markschies Chr. Valentinus Gnosticus? Untersuchungen zur valentinianischen Gnosis mit einem Kommentar zu den Fragmenten Valentins. Tübingen: Mohr/Siebeck, 1992; Löhr W. Basilides und seine Schule: Eine Studie zur Theologie und Kirchengeschichte des zweiten Jahrhunderts. Tübingen: Mohr/Siebeck, 1996.
[31] , , , :
" , , "", "" [ ], "" [.. ] , , [ ] , , , , . :
. , [ ].
b. , , ...
c. ( ): [, , ]" (Proposal for a Terminological and Conceptual Agreement with Regard to the Theme of the Colloquium // Le origini dello Gnosticismo: Colloquio di Messina 13-18 Aprile 1966. Ed. Ugo Bianchi. Leiden: Brill, 1967. P. XXVI-XXIX, XXVIII).
, " 1966 . ; "" " (Aland. Gnosis und Christentum... P. 322).
[32] " [] , . . " (Aland. Gnosis und Christentum... P. 322). ., ., : "/ , , , , . , " (Holzhausen. Mythos... S. 146).
[33] , -, (Colpe C. Die religionsgeschichtiche Schule: Darstellung und Kritik ihres Bildes vom gnostischen Erlösermythus. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1961).
[34] , , (Jervell J. Imago Dei: Gen. 1,26f. im Spätjudentum, in der Gnosis und in den paulinischen Briefen. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1960) - (Schenke H.-M. Der Gott "Mensch" in der Gnosis. Ein religionsgeschichtlicher Beitrag zur Discussion über die paulinische Anschauung von der Kirche als Leib Christi. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1962); , " " "".
[35] ., .: Holzhausen. Mythos... , " ", , , - (" ", " ") ( ) ( ).
[36] Aland. Gnosis und Christentum... (). P. 349. , , , " " " [] " (Jonas, H. The Gnostic Religion: The Message of Alien God and the Beginnings of Christianity. Boston: Beacon, 1958. P. 124). , , "" , , "[] "" [= ..] " (Aland. Gnosis und Christentum... []. . 349). " "" " (Jonas, H. Delimitation of the Gnostic Phenomenon // Bianchi U. (ed.). Le origini dello Gnosticismo: Colloquio di Messina 13-18 Aprile 1966. Leiden: Brill, 1967. P. 90-104, 98).
[37] Aland. Gnosis und Christentum... (). P. 348.
[38] . P. 349.
[39] (The Gospel of Truth. NY: Abingdon, 1960), , (Ménard J. L'Évangile de vérité: Rétroversion grecque et commentaire. Paris: Letouzey & Ané, 1962). ..
[40] EV ( , NHS 22, 77, . 22). , , (Markschies. Valentinus.... S. 356): " [ ] ... ... ....". (., ., Dawson. Allegorical Readers... . 277, . 4) , EV . , , ( , ., , ) , " [ ,]... , , [- ], , , , ( , [ EV] )" (Gospel of Truth... . 26; . ..). , , , EV , ", , 140-45 ., , , , , ... ... . , , , " (Tiessen T.L. Irenaeus on the Salvation of the Unevangelized. Metuchen, NJ: The Scarecrow Press, 1993. . 58-59). , , , , , EV , .
[41] . , . 28.
[42] Paed. 1.25-32. : " " (Protreptikos), "" (Paidagōgos), "" (Strōmateis). , . ո , "" "" "" ( Str. 7.22.3 6.1.3) (Carl Heussi, "Die Stromateis des Clemens Alexandrinus und ihr Verhältnis zum Protreptikos und. Paidagogos", Zeitschr. f. wiss.Theologie. 45 (1902), SS. 465-512, 465-7), . SC (SC 30, 14-16). . curriculum vitae : Méhat A. Étude sur les Stromates' de Clément d'Alexandrie. Paris: Seuil, 1966. . 54.
[43] , , ., ., Paed. 1.26.1-3: " ... , , , , "; , Paed. 1.28.3-5: " ,... , " (Procter E. Christian Controversy in Alexandria: Clement's Polemic against the Basilideans and the Valentinians. New York: Peter Lang, 1995. . 101).
[44] .
[45] ; - (., , , /) , , , ( ).
[46] . 2, . 174.
[47] M. 1:10 (""); . 3:22 (" "); . 3:16 (" ").
[48] , ; . .3.a ( . 154 ).
[49] , EV 30.16-23 , , , " " (NHS 23, 86). , , , . , , ( ), " " " ".
[50] Segelberg E. Evangelium Veritatis a Confirmation Homily and its Relation to the Odes of Solomon // Orientalia Suecana. 8 (1959). . 3-42, 18.
[51] , 9. . 5:13-14.
[52] , , " " (Smith M. Clement of Alexandria and a Secret Gospel of Mark. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1973. . 448.22) , , . , , . : Schenke H.-M. The Mystery of the Gospel of Mark // The Second Century. 4:2 (1984). . 69-74. , .. , . , . , . , . , . , . ., (. Smith M. The Secret Gospel. New York: Harper & Row, 1973. . 29), ( ) . (Méhat A. "Vraie" et "fausse"... . 430-431): " , , , , ... ? ? , . , ... , , , , ..., , ".
[53] Smith. Clement... . 450.23-452.11 ( ..).
[54] , - . , , M. 14:51-52 ( , "" , , 16:5) (Scroggs R., Groff K. Baptism in Mark: Dying and Rising with Christ // Journal of Biblical Literature. 92 [1973]. . 532-48). , , . 3:27 . ( ): " ἐvδύω , "", [. 3:27]... : , ? , , , (, ), , , , ... , , , , , " ( . . 539). "" .: Sellin G. Der Streit um die Auferstehung der Toten: Eine religionsgeschichtliche und exegetische Untersuchung von 1Korinther 15. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986. S. 134 . 158, , , Fug. 110; QG 1.53.
[55] Adv. Haer. 5.15.3. , , , , . , , ibid., 5.15.4.
[56] II "", "" (. : , . 47).
: .